Marketing Strategy by Pizza Hut Essay

Various tools and methods like, secondary sources were adopted to collect information to critically analyze the marketing strategies adopted by pizza hut, analyze the probable market for the product, study its competitors and substitute products, to estimate future sales and expected share of the market, analyze the effectiveness of advertisement, its target market and finally why people prefer pizza hut. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS MARKETING STRATEGY Pizza Hut follows the following strategy: Total market strategy—-Pizza Hut started with a single product i. e. Pizza but with different segments emerging and the degree of competition increasing, it diversified into several products to serve different segments. It came up with chicken nuggets, wedges, garlic bread, smiley etc. International marketing strategy: Pizza Hut started with local market strategy in Kansas, USA then moved on to regional markets in and across USA. In 1968, Pizza Hut started its international movement by opening its 1strestaurant in Canada. And today Pizza Hut is world’s largest pizza chain with its presence in more than 100 countries. Early Entry Strategy: Though Pizza Hut was not the first entrants in the pizza market infuse. But Pizza Hut followed an early entrant strategy. Customers knew what a pizza is but still there was huge potential to tap. In order to become a leader, pizza hut continued to refine their product &develop new product to suit their customer’s changing tastes. Ultimately Pizza Hut with its superior promotion, manufacturing and distribution activities has turned out to be the â€Å"winner†. Strong Commitment Strategy: Pizza Hut has been operating in the pizza market by realizing all economies of scale in promotion, distribution and manufacturing facilities. If Papa John’s or Little Caesars come out with a new competitive pricing strategy or innovative product, then Pizza Hut quite aggressively fights back by bringing more competitive prices or better innovations in product category. In simple words, Pizza Hut takes all possible measures to defend its leadership position in the market. Pizza Hut: An Overview of the â€Å"Product Strategy† â€Å"Product Strategies specify a market needs that may be served by different products offerings†. Product Positioning Strategy-Pizza Hut has always followed Single brand positioning strategy wherein it has positioned only its pizzas. Although the positioning statement has been different in different countries but it has always hovered around its â€Å"PIZZAS†. For instance, in Canada, its positioning statement is â€Å"The best tasting pizzas under one roof † which reflects great variety of pizza being served , in China it has positioned on â€Å"Dine-in restaurants†, in Australia, it is â€Å"made fresh, served hot and on time† which reflects that best of ingredients are used and pizza is delivered on time. Product-Scope strategy: Pizza Hut follows a â€Å"multiple product strategy† as pizza hut not only sells pizzas, but also deals in a variety of other products as although all the product offerings in pizza hut are not as fast moving as its pizza, but they usually complement each other. For instance, family coming for a dinner usually starts with some soup and garlic breads and then moves on to pizzas along with some diet salads. In this way, pizza hut caters to different people with different needs and tastes and preferences. This helps in increasing sales, profitability, market share and above all â€Å"Customer’s Mind Share† Product-Scope Strategy Salads & Pastas, Appetizers Pizzas, Soups and Desserts Product-Design Strategy:Pizza Hut follows the strategy of selling Standardized Products with modifications. Pizza Hut mainly sells 4 types of pizzas: Pan Pizza, hand-tossed pizza, stuffed crust pizza and Thin N Crispy pizza. Pizza Hut serves these standard style pizzas everywhere in the world but at the same time, it offers its customers to choose different toppings as extra mushrooms or extra capsicum and onions with extra cheese or chicken toppings like toppings of meat, bacon, fish, ham, beef topping, pork toppings etc. Secondly it offers what is known as â€Å"Value meal combos† wherein it offers a combination of pizzas, appetizers, beverages etc at lower prices. For instance, Pizza hut introduced â€Å"Meal for 2† which offers medium pan/ fresh pizza, garlic bread sticks with 2 glasses of Pepsi. Similarly pizza hut also offered â€Å"Meals for 4† where it offered 2medium pan pizzas, with one plate of garlic bread and one portion of wedges with 4 glasses of Pepsi/Soup. Pizza Hut by offering standard products seeks economies of scale and by offering modification options enhances customer satisfaction which adds to brand equity of Pizza Hut Product innovation strategy: Pizza Hut has been constantly involved in innovating new products. It started as Pizza chain in 1958. On one hand, it offers traditional Italian pizzas while on other hand, it innovated several new varieties as pan pizza, thin n crispy, stuffed crust, the big New Yorker pizza, hand tossed pizza, the edge pizza along with the Sicilian Pizza. Pizza Hut spends extensively on research and development of its innovative products. At the same time, customer’s feedback also plays an important role in preparing new pizzas. For example, The Big New Yorker Pizza. Pizza Hut continued to make innovations as it followed â€Å"International marketing strategy†. In India, Pizza Hut launched international style pizza in localized Indian flavors like Tandori pizza range with Punjabi flavors, vegetarian tama-tam, Murgh Mazedar Pizza etc. Similarly, in China along with traditional pizzas, it served â€Å"Sangria â€Å"and â€Å"Escargot†. Along with pizzas, Pizza Hut also innovated beverages and drinks to satisfy the tastes of consumers. For e. g. Pizza Hut in Oman has added a refreshing splash of tropics to their menu with the launch of Monin, a new line of flavored drinks. Value Marketing Strategy: Pizza Hut as far as value marketing is concerned follows Quality strategy, Customer- service strategy. Time-based strategy Pizza Hut promises its customers to give them best quality product busing best quality ingredients. Time and again it re-emphasizes on this fact through its advertisement campaigns. Pizza Hut main motive is to enhance its customer’s satisfaction by providing them best quality products at affordable prices. At the same time, pizza hut always tries to deliver on time. Although Pizza Hut’s competitor Domino’s differentiates on basis of timely delivery in 30 minutes, however, Pizza Hut through its innovative technology is also trying to reduce its delivery time to 30 minutes and fight back Domino’s. Pizza Hut: Overview of the â€Å"Pricing Strategy† Pizza Hut ideology of â€Å"Customers† behind its pricing strategy: Willing to pay for relevance Willing to pay for excitement Willing to pay for quality Willing to pay for simplifying life Willing to pay for forward movement But Selective and defiant Pizza Hut follows â€Å" A High/Low Pricing† strategy as far as its new products is concerned where it fixes the price higher than its competitors and then gradually lowers the price below the competitor’s prices. In simple words, it is applying â€Å"Price Skimming† strategy for its new products. For instance, the price of â€Å"the Extreme† was fixed at $9. 99 which was much higher than its competitors. But several sales promotions were used to reduce the price of the pizza below its competitors since both Pizza Hut and Pepsi are partners; â€Å"Bundle Pricing† is used where 2 liter bottle of Mountain dew was offered free with â€Å"The Extreme pizza†. The high/low pricing strategy has several advantages for Pizza Hut Used to create excitement. Set high prices initially to send a signal that its products are best inequality and service offered is excellent. Helps in segmenting the market as Pizza Hut can sell â€Å"the extreme pizza† to the customers who wish to pay higher price as well as to the bargain hunters too. Pizza Hut in formulating the complete pricing strategy focuses on â€Å"Value which it is providing to the customers at a particular price†. As far as the pricing of established products is concerned, Pizza hut believes to give â€Å"Value for Money â€Å"to its customers. Thus in order to provide maximum value to the customers and enhance the brand value, it sometimes maintains the same prices while sometimes reduces the prices, while sometimes increase prices also. â€Å"One-Price† Strategize. It charges the same price to allot customers under similar conditions and for the same quantities. This helps in establishing a favorable and fair image among its customers as well as having a stable market. Pizza Hut at the same time follows â€Å"Price Bundling† Strategy or â€Å"Value Pricing†wherein it combines the items of its menu and offers at a lesser price then what a customer would have to pay if he bought these items individually . For Example, in India, Pizza Hut offered for Rs. 75 a deal of â€Å"a plate of garlic bread sticks, 1 personal pan pizza, a glass of Pepsi and one scoop of ice cream†. Similarly Pizza Hut offered meal combos serving 2 people or 4 people. These bundling schemes attracted large number of customers who are not only interested in pizzas but in tasting other things as well. In offering such schemes, although Pizza Hut costs less but at the same time, this increases the customer inflow and sales revenue of PH tremendously. Thus Pizza Hut’s pricing strategy revolves around providing maximum value to the customer at an affordable price. Pizza hut never plays the price game as it has positioned its brand on high quality and excellent customer service. And even Pizza hut customers don’t mind paying a little more than its competitors because of the service it renders and quality it promises. Pizza Hut: An Overview of Franchise Model â€Å"Franchising† involves a contractual arrangement between a franchisor (a manufacturer, a wholesaler, or a service sponsor) and a retail franchisee, which allows the franchisee to conduct a given form of business under an established name and according to a given pattern of business. Pizza Hut after its incorporation in 1958 opened its first franchise unit in Topeka, Kansas. Followed by a Pizza Hut restaurant built in just 5 days by franchisees in Oklahoma State Fairing 1968, Pizza Hut made a global entry by entering in Canada. Then it made strong foot holding in Australia, Japan, England, Kuwait, and Abu Dhabi. By 1989, Pizza Hut was already serving 54 countries. In 1996, Pizza Hut entered India with the first dine-in restaurant in Bangalore. While entering in the international arena, Pizza Hut used the â€Å"Franchising Route† as the entry strategy. (Scribd, 2010). FINDINGS Promotion mix 1. Advertising 2. Personal selling 3. Sales promotion A) Advertising Advertising is â€Å"non personal communication transmitted through mass media as radio, television, print, internet and outdoor media†. The main objective behind every campaign is either to increase sales by encouraging potential purchasers or inducing repeat purchases or prompting immediate purchase by offering special schemes or to create awareness about a new product offering by highlighting a new flavor or announcing price changes or demonstrating the product in use by depicting inexperience. Advertising Sales Promotion For instance, to launch a new flavor in India named â€Å"The Great Indian Treat†, Pizza Hut signed a Jived Jaffrey for its new TV commercial. Similarly to inform the customers about Rs. 50 pan pizza, Pizza hut showed Zayed Khan as a young teenager boy friend who has to treat his large number of girl friends with something trendy and affordable. Pizza Hut also launched certain ad campaigns to counter attack its competitors promotions. For instance, in 2005 Pizza Hut launchedâ€Å"Freshizza† ad campaign featuring Malia Aurora Khan and counter attacked Domino’s campaign showing Anuran Khmer and Parish Revaluate the same time, Pizza Hut brings about local flavor in its ad campaigns. Indifferent countries, it uses models, situations, positioning clearly related to that particular country. For instance, in India, Pizza Hut focused on occasions such as marriage and used Indian models that represent and relate to their target audience. Similarly, in USA, Jessica Simpson sells chicken nuggets and pizzas for Pizza hut. (Scribd, 2010) Internet Advertising Not only Television advertisement, Pizza Hut along with Pizza innovations, also innovates new ways of promoting its products. Recently Pizza Hut signed a deal with Yahoo internet portal to advertise its products. Print Media (newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, posters) Although Pizza Hut advertises mainly via television, but print ads also constitutes a major portion of its promotion mix. Outdoor Advertisements Pizza Hut adopted a variety of innovative types of outdoor advertisement. Balloon Advertising: Pizza Hut indulged in an extremely innovative form of advertising named â€Å"Balloon Advertisements† where in cold air balloons in the shape of Pepsi can, pizza slices and garlic bread are placed either in front of the hut or placed at its roof top. Space Marketing: Pizza hut came up with a very innovative method of advertising when Pizza Hut paid huge sums (approx $1 million) to put a 30 ft large logo on Russian Proton Rocket. Not only had the logo, Pizza Hut also made its pizza available to the astronauts in the space. On such a successful venture, Pizza hut stated that â€Å"If space tourism is going to be a reality, Pizza Hut pizza will make the trip even better. † Banner Advertisement: Styrofoam along with McCann Erickson came up with really innovative banner advertisements to advertise its new range of â€Å"Gourmet Pizzas†. Poster Advertisement: Pizza Hut came with a tremendously successful Poster advertisement campaign on the occasion of â€Å"Halloween† when Pizza Hut advertised for â€Å"The Ghoulish Tripplecheese, the spooky cheese combo, and the Halloween cheese supreme† B) Sales Promotion. â€Å"Sales promotion† refers to a variety of short term incentives to encourage trial or purchase of a product or service. Coupons and Rebates: Pizza Hut offers discount coupons in physical form with every purchase we make. However in USA, UK, Canada where online ordering contributes a major percentage to total sales, Pizza Hut offers online coupons for different regions of varying denominations Premiums & Gifts: Pizza Hut offers â€Å" Gift vouchers† to be presented as a gift to someone special on marriages, birthday, and anniversary etc. these gift vouchers are available in denomination of Rs. 500, rs. 1000, rs. 2000 etc. Pizza Hut offers CDs and DVD along with their pizzas as gifts to act as an additional incentive for customers to make the purchase. For e. g. Unique DVD Promotion: Pizza Hut came up withal promotion campaign where is offered a free DVD with a large size pizza and in a 6 week promotion, Pizza Hut distributed 10 millionDVDs. Pizza Hut collaborated with Sony to launch a promotion campaignnamedâ€Å"Pizza-Powered PlayStation giveaway â€Å"which was huge success. During the next year, Pizza Hut again came up with a promotion where along with stuffed crust pizza, kids will get PlayStation demo disc free. Sweepstakes: Pizza Hut during the launch of â€Å"Cheesy Bites Pizza â€Å"introduced nationwide online sweepstakes contest to win an autographed pair of shoes by Jessica Simpson. Fans will be able to go online to www. pizzahut. com/cheesybites to enter the sweepstakes. Customers will also have an opportunity to win an autographed pair of Miss Piggy boots. Sampling: Pizza Hut gave â€Å"free samples† of the new pizza which it launches. For e. g. in case of â€Å"Cheesy Bites Pizza†, Pizza Hut offered free slices of it to the customers for sampling and testing it amongst the consumer group. Point of Purchase Material: Pizza Hut restaurants interiors are done in a uniform format for all the restaurants. Pizza Hut also comes outwit several innovative POP materials to attract the attention of its customers. For e. g. spin The Wheel games, danglers and posters. During the launch the â€Å"The Great Indian Treat† the entire interiors were given a pink color and the menu and danglers were all colored pink. On the occasion of â€Å"Valentine’s Day† in Malaysia, Pizza Hut launched a limited edition â€Å"Heart Shaped Pizza† with danglers, greetings cards all over. This limited edition Heart shaped pizza not only created an excitement among the customers, it also increased its brand value. C) Personal Selling â€Å"Personal Selling refers to face to face interaction with the customer†. Entertaining the customers in the restaurant: Crew members at Pizza Hut broke in to a boogie at metros like Delhi and Mumbai and performed â€Å"Hangar† in Chandigarh and Amritsar. Pizza Hut in Delhi organized a â€Å"JIG N JEETO† contest with super star Faradeen Khan judging the show. The show received tremendous response from the customers. Etiquettes of the crew members: The politeness of their speech and the mannerism which Pizza Hut crew members serve their customers is absolutely outstanding which enhances the brand value of Pizza hut in customer’s mind. Pizza Hut: An Overview of the Global Strategy— Pizza Hut before entering into any new country conducts a comprehensive market survey of that country to learn about the culture that prevails in that country, the state of government and politics, the legal framework (product quality laws, packaging laws) , commercial practices (business structure, patterns of competition). Strategy Adopted by Pizza Hut for Global marketing programs Localized strategy: Pizza Hut follows the strategy of â€Å"Think Global, Act Local†. For e. g. in India, the 1stPizza Hut which was launched in Bangalore served complete vegetarian meals. Similarly, in China, along with serving Pizzas, Pizza Hut also serves â€Å"Sangria† and â€Å"Escargot†. Similarly, in India, to match the spicy tastes of Indian consumers, Pizza Hut launched â€Å"Pandora Treat†, â€Å"The Great Indian Treat†. For the cheese lovers in United States, Pizza Hut launched Cheesy Bites Pizza and Stuffed Crust Pizza. International Marketing Coordination: Pizza Hut’s international marketing activities though dispersed in different countries are properly coordinated to gain competitive advantage as all marketing activities as market research, advertisements, and restaurant interiors are done using a similar method. Marketing know-how and skills are transferred from one country to another. For e. g. the â€Å"franchising model† is used successfully in althea countries by Pizza Hut. (AssignmentPoint,2012) SWOT ANALYSIS OF PIZZA HUT The swot analysis provides all the important aspects of the product and the company in brief. Swot stands for S-strength W-weakness O-opportunities T-threats S-strength -best quality of food -quality of services -varieties in toppings -different promotional schemes -consistency -strong brand name W-weaknesses -high price -advertisement shows pizza not salads, sandwiches etc O-opportunities -needs to open more outlets -offer diet food and low calorie food -explore untouched market T-threats—competition (wikiwealth, 2012) RECOMMENDATIONS/SUGGESTIONS 1)High Quality Personnel: In order to maintain the no. 1 position in Pizza market, Pizza Hut must obtain total cooperation of its employee’s thereby increasing productivity, beating competition and enhancing customer satisfaction. For this, proper training program with high incentive schemes must be established. 2) Pay more attention to untapped segment of Senior Citizens: Pizza Hut must innovate and launch some product for Senior Citizens. It could establish Pizza Hut senior club which will organize activities for oldies. 3) Maintain the product quality by continuous innovations thereby giving surprises to the customer off and on. Innovations can be based on consumer’s reviews and feedbacks as to what changes are they looking for in their pizzas. 4) â€Å"Location, location and location†: the most critical success factor for any hospitality business is â€Å"Location†. Pizza Hut does not aim to be premium brand with selective distribution; instead Pizza Hut is brand which must be available anywhere and everywhere people thinks of PIZZA. Thus Pizza Hut must increase it coverage. 5) Emphasis on development of â€Å"Home Delivery† Network: Although in developing countries like India, Pizza Hut has opened up a â€Å"call center† to fasten the speed of home delivery. CONCLUSIONS This project helped in following areas Critical analysis of marketing strategies adopted by pizza hut Knowing the product offered by pizza hut Identify the alternatives available in the market Analyze the target market Know about the existing competition in the market To understand the distribution system in the product Reasons why people prefer pizza hut products Methods to increase sales with maximum customer satisfaction Role of advertisements in the promotion of the product To estimate its future growth and market share. REFERENCES Pizza Hut and Dominos marketing strategy Scribd (2010). Pizza Hut and Dominos marketing strategy. [online] Retrieved from: http://www. scribd. com/doc/25371457/Pizza-Hut-and-Dominos-marketing-strategy [Accessed: 24 Nov 2012]. About Us – Pizza Hut Pizzahut. Co. Uk (2012). About Us – Pizza Hut. [online] Retrieved from: http://www. pizzahut. co. uk/restaurants/about-us. aspx [Accessed: 24 Nov 2012]. Assignment Point – marketing plan on pizza hut Assignment Point (2012). Assignment Point – marketing plan on pizza hut. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.assignmentpoint. com/business/marketing-business/marketing-plan-on-pizza-hut. html [Accessed: 24 Nov 2012]. Pizza Hut Franchise Pizzahutfranchise. Co. Uk (n. d. ). Pizza Hut Franchise. [online] Retrieved from: http://www. pizzahutfranchise. co. uk/html/history. html [Accessed: 24 Nov 2012]. Pizza Today Magazine Pizzatoday. Com (n. d. ). Pizza Today Magazine. [online] Retrieved from: http://pizzatoday. com [Accessed: 24 Nov 2012]. Pizza Hut SWOT Analysis – WikiWealth Wikiwealth (2012). Pizza Hut SWOT Analysis – WikiWealth.[online] Retrieved from: http://www. wikiwealth. com/swot-analysis:pizza-hut [Accessed: 24 Nov 2012]. About Us | Papa John’s: Better Ingredients. Better Pizza. Papajohns (2012). About Us | Papa John’s: Better Ingredients. Better Pizza.. [online] Retrieved from: http://www. papajohns. com/about/index. shtm [Accessed: 24 Nov 2012]. APPENDIX/ ANNEXURE Figure 1: specimen of pizza hut coupons printed in newspapers and magazines. Figure 2: specimen showing pizza hut’s space advertisement. Figure 3: specimen of poster ad Pizza Hut launched for Halloween.

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Customer Service-Customers for Life-repost - Personal Statement Example Real experience such as the Company chipping in to help customer during losses of property amplifies loyalty. Firms should be quick to react when customers seek their help and extend Olive branch to customer’s home to strengthen customer’s relation and building on its reputation. Credit facilities offered to customers at affordable terms and conditions serve both firm and customers interest. Lifelong customers are retained when they are made to feel as part of the Company and in particular, when faced with challenges so as to help them overcome stress via suggesting rational solutions. Standing with a customer during their difficulties by firms make customers relieved from some burdens and aid in restoring normal mind set. Customers are thus pinned strongly to such companies that recognize and appreciate the existence of their customers. Firms thus benefit from increased customer loyalty as such customers suggest that particular Company to their friends and relatives and such chain is extended leading to a greater pool of loyal customers resulting into competitive advantage accompanied by increased market power. This thus culminates into increased

Developing probes of cathepsin L Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Developing probes of cathepsin L - Lab Report Example The resin has a linker of acid sensitivity that allows the protection of dipeptide. Besides, the cleavage process also affects the selection of the resin. The synthesis process involved adopting the SPPS protocol which involves the use of DMF, resin, reagents like 4-Dimethylamionpyridine (DMAP) and DMF before the addition of liquid reagent (DIC). The resins were washed with DCM3, IPO 3 and NMP 3 several times. The cleavage process involves using a dilute TFA process. The dry resin was placed in the glass funnel and 1% 10 ml FTA of the dry DCM added, filtered through the application of nitrogen pressure on the flask with ten percent pyridine (2ml) dissolved in methanol. The washing of resin and checking of the filtrate using either the HPLC or the TLC method helped in the process. The mass spectrometry was used for the identification of the protein profiles. The mass of the protein were evaluated by the calculation of m/z peaks. The cleavage of the protein was successful and lead to t he identification of 12 peaks. Majority of the cathepsins are cysteine protease while others are either serine or aspartic proteases. The secretion of cathepsins in the body can be induced by factors like interferon and tumour necrosis factor (Hassanein et al., 2009). Different cathepsins are induced by different molecules, for instance cathepsin L is induced by nicotine. Cathepsins are proteases. Proteases are enzymes with the potential to degrading the proteins. These enzymes are ubiquitous in animals and other organisms. The cathepsins occur in different forms and families. Their differences are based on the differences in structural domains (Puzer et al., 2005). Other factors affecting the type of cathepsins include the proteins they cleave and the catalytic mechanisms. The optimal environment for these enzymes is acidic media, therefore, most of the cathepsins undergo activation at lower ionic concentration characterised by the

Art History Final Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Art History Final Project - Essay Example The Italian Renaissance is one of the longest periods of art. The Italian renaissance started from the 14th century to the 16th century. Italian Renaissance marks the development of art from the medieval period to early European Modern paintings. Why then are there only a few paintings existing today that were painted during this period? Well, the answer is quite simple. Since the world had not yet experienced globalization during this era, only a few paintings were spared and saved during this era. However, there were many painters in this era but only a few of them became famous. Most painters during this period, and the art periods before this did not gain fame from their art. This also explains the reason that Italian Renaissance paintings are rare and very expensive when compared to newer paintings. Italian Renaissance began in the city of Florence. Florence also developed the appreciation of art in value, when the rich people of Florence started viewing art as a valuable item. This then led to painters and artists viewing art as not only a hobby but also a way to make money (Benton & DiYanni 47). During this period of art, artists began viewing art as not only a part-time hobby but they made it a full-time job. This way, artists began to dedicate all their intellect, passion and time to painting thus improving the nature of their artworks from simple art forms to realist paintings. The Renaissance era also created a platform for genius painters to improve their skills, specializing more in art development. Innovative ideas and new ways of painting began to develop amongst many painters. Another major characteristic about the era was the fact that it not only led to improvement of art, but also the development of a philosophy termed as humanism. Humanism made people to question the wisdom and knowledge they had acquired and

The Discovery of the Structure of DNA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Discovery of the Structure of DNA - Essay Example DNA consists of two strands, each composed of certain sugars and phosphates. The two strands wind around each other in a spiral, much like the two sides of the ladder wind around each other. Linking the two strands together are certain chemical elements called amines or bases arranged in a particular pattern. The rungs of the rubber ladder would be like these chemical links," (Ciccarelli p.252). An understanding of DNA is a fundamental necessity in understanding what it is that makes us who we are. Not the acts which we commit, but really who were imbedded in the core of ourselves. Ultimately, the genetic design of us as human beings is what truly the history book is as it comes to humans and what makes them who they are. Structural DNA is described as, "Some regions of chromosomes remain highly condensed, tightly coiled, and untranscribed throughout the cell cycle. Called constitutive heterochromatin, these portions tend to be localized around the centromere, or located near the ends of the chromosome, at the telomeres," (Johnson p.387). After Rosalind Franklin's use of x-ray technology as it came to DNA, the world would be introduced to two gentlemen by the names of James Watson and Francis Crick. "Learning informally of Franklin's results before they were published in 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick, two young investigators at Cambridge University, quickly worked out a likely structure for the DNA molecule (figure 14.10), which we now know was substantially correct. They analyzed the problem deductively, first building models of the nucleotides, and then trying to assemble the nucleotides into a molecule that matched what was known about the structure of DNA. They tried various possibilities before they finally hit on the idea that the molecule might be a simple double helix, with the bases of two strands pointed inward towards each other, forming base-pairs," Elaborating further that, "In their model, base pairs always consist of purines, which are large, pointing toward pyrimidines, which are small, keeping the diameter of the molecule a constant 2 nanometers. Because the hydrogen bonds can form between the bases in a base-pair, the double helix is stabilized as a duplex DNA molecule composed of two antiparallel strands, one chain running 3' to 5' and the other 5' to 3'. The base pairs are planar (flat) and stack 0.34 nm apart as a result of hydrophobic interactions, contributing to the overall stability of the molecule," (Johnson p.287). "The Watson-Crick model explained why Chargaff had obtained the results he had: in a double helix, adenine forms two hydrogen bonds with thymine, but it will not form hydrogen bonds properly with cytosine. Similarly, guanine forms three hydrogen bonds properly with thymine. Consequently, adenine and thymine will always occur in the same proportions in any DNA molecule, as will guanine and cytosine, because of this base-pairing," (Johnson p.287). Just as any scientist needs to do in order to prove their theory; Crick and Watson set out to do just that. "In late February of 1953, Crick and Watson built a model out of tin established the general structure of DNA. This structure explained all the known chemical properties of DNA, and it opened the door to understanding its biological functions. There have been minor amendments to that first published structure, but its

Commentary All the Kings Men Essay Example for Free

Commentary All the Kings Men Essay We left the bay, and lost the salt, sad, sweet, fishy smell of the tidelands out of our nostrils. We headed north again. It was darker now. The ground mist lay heavier on the fields, and in the dips of the road the mist frayed out over the slab and blunted the headlights. Now and then a pair of eyes would burn at us out of the dark ahead. I knew that they were the eyes of a cow-a poor dear stoic old cow with a cud, standing on the highway shoulder, for there wasn’t any stock law- but her eyes burned at us out of the dark as though her skull were full of blazing molten metal like blood and we could see inside the skull into that bloody hot brightness in that moment when the reflection was right before we picked up her shape, which is so perfectly formed to be pelted with clods, and knew what she was and knew that inside that unlovely knotty head there wasn’t anything but a handful of coldly coagulated gray mess in which something slow happened as we went by. We were something slow happening inside the cold brain of a cow. That’s what the cow would say if she were a brass-bound Idealist like little Jackie Burden. The Boss said, â€Å"Well, Jackie, it looks like you got a job cut out for you.† And I said, â€Å"Callahan?† And he said, â€Å"Nope, Irwin.† And I said, â€Å"I don’t reckon you will find anything on Irwin.† And he said, â€Å"You find it.† We bored on into the dark for another twenty miles and eighteen minutes. The ectoplasmic fingers of the mist reached out of the swamp, threading out from the blackness of the cypresses, to snag us, but didn’t have any luck. A possum came out of the swamp, threading out from the blackness of the cypresses, to snag us, but didn’t have any luck. A possum came out of the swamp and started across the road and might have made it, too, if Sugar-Boy hadn’t been too quick for him. Sugar-Boy just shaded the steering wheel delicately to the left, just a fraction. There wasn’t even a jounce or twitch, but something thumped against the underside of the left front fender, and Sugar-Boy said, â€Å"The b-b-b-b-bas-tud.† Sugar-Boy could thread a needle with that Cadillac. At about the end of that eighteen minutes and twenty miles, I said: â€Å"But suppose I don’t find anything before election day?† The Boss said, â€Å"To hell with election day. I can deliver Masters prepaid, special handling. But if it takes ten years, you find it.† We clocked off five miles more, and I said, â€Å"But suppose there isn’t anything to find.† And the Boss said, â€Å"There is always something.† And I said, â€Å"Maybe not on the Judge.† And he said, â€Å"Man is conceived in sin and born in corruption and he passeth from the stink of the didie to the stench of the shroud. There is always something. Two miles more, and he said, â€Å"And make it stick.† And that was all a good while ago. Color Key: Simile Characterization Imagery Personification Jack Burden, the narrator of the novel, has a request by the Boss to dig into Judge Irwin’s past â€Å"and make it stick.† The journey of finding something on him builds Jack’s character and foreshadows the death of some of his friends. As they are coming back from the visit to Judge Irwin’s house, they encounter cows on the road. Jack Burden looks into the burning eyes of â€Å"a poor dear stoic old cow† whose skull was of â€Å"blazing molten metal,† and Jack says that the cow is â€Å"a brass-bound Idealist like little Jackie Burden† like a slow thought in her brain. Jack Burden questions the visit to Judge Irwin’s house thinking that there was no sin made by him and identifies himself as an idealist. Because of Jack’s long relationship with the judge, he questions if there is really anything to find about him. The Boss convinces him that â€Å"Man is conceived in sin and born in corruption and he [passes it] from the stink [of the diaper] to the stench of the shroud. There is always, something,† leaves and says â€Å"And make it stick.† The last paragraph shows that the future of the book is foreshadowed to the reader with Jack saying, â€Å"And that was all a good while ago.† It all shows that Jack Burden is certainly not a weak character because he eventually does find something on the judge like the Boss said. The dirt that he found stuck so good that it was great for Robert Penn Warren to put the conclusion in the beginning of the book.

Dance Critique Essay Example for Free

Dance Critique Essay In Fall 2012 there was a production called Jubilation taken place in El Camino College in the Campus Theatre. The Dance consist of many different styles of dancing from African dance by Nichole â€Å"Nittche† Thompson Spirit Within, to Tango as demonstrated in La Revancha Del Tango, choreographed by Imara Quinonez. One of the most common and best performed dances that was presented in the production were The Gift and Broadway Bound, choreographed by Bernice Boseman. Broadway Bound consisted of twelve dancers, and performed as a single group of girls, a single group of guys, and girls and guys dancing together. However, in the performance of The gift there was just one guy that performed his solo. As the famous song of â€Å"The Little Drummer Boy† started, the lights appear on stage focusing on a boy who was sitting on a rock with his drum. He was wearing a white loose shirt with shorts and a red belt around him. The stage also had a white bright light in the back area of the stage. As the song started seven different characters came in one by one with different color of long dresses and had their heads wrap around with long cloths. As each dancer came in walking slowly step by step towards the bright back stage light, they raised the gift up high and continue walking slowly but this time out the stage. After everyone had exit the stage the drummer boy got up from the rock and went to the bright light and raise his drum up high. Then he begin to dance around to the beat of the drums around stage. At the beginning of the song the first seven dancers who entered walking had a repeatedly step walking in a line. As they approach the stage they moved across the stage using all the space from it. As they exit the drummer boy started dancing. He was doing a solo dance moving across the stage but mainly staying tin the middle area. The boy was doing different type of jazz movements while holding the gift in his hand for the whole remaining time. The work demonstrated by the boy was flowing smooth throughout the music and his dance. Bernice Boseman was trying to point out the cultural part of this dance which she added a visual scenario for us to understand the dance in a different way. By Bernice Boseman adding the gift carriers at the beginning of the performance her intent is to make us see that the gift carriers were rich people with a more expensive gift trying to give them to god. This was represented by the big bright light in back of the stage as god looking down on them. On the contrary, the drummer boy was not as â€Å"good looking† as the rich gift carriers and all he had to offer god was just a drummer with his music. The drummer boy dance to the song expressing his feelings out for giving the gift to god. He would move up and down stretching his harms up and the bringing them down like if he was having a thought for giving the gift to him. He felt like if his gift wasn’t as valuable as like the others. At the end of the performance he kneeled down and raised his drum to god as a gift. For the most part, The Gift was a great performance that made the audience knew the authors intent . The meaning of the song with the dance was very clear and the drummer boy was very focused in showing us the way he felt. In overall, the organization was very successfully and were all committed to the dance.

Software As A Service Information Technology Essay

Software As A Service Information Technology Essay SaaS is nothing but a high end software model that enhances the interaction of companies with their clients or consumers. The most common instances of SaaS are to track the shipment online or online billing. The advantage of implementing SaaS is that there is no cost incurred upon the consumers/ clients. The software is developed and ported on the internet and is accessible 247 throughout the world. This document covers the information regarding traditional Client-Server model and SaaS. Also advantages and disadvantages of SaaS are discussed in this paper. Document Overview: This document gives an overview of the SaaS, basic architecture how it is using in the real world, and describes the advantages and disadvantages of SaaS. What is SaaS: SaaS is a software application which is ready to use where user can purchase or rent the software on a monthly or yearly basis, and user nothing to worry about application software or any other installation process. Client Server Vs SaaS: Traditionally, most of the software applications have been developed using client-server model. In a client-server model, we can find many hidden costs for supporting and deploying a client server system, together with expensive hardware to install and maintain. In most of the scenarios, the initial software license worth of a client server system is only one third of the total worth of the system. Client Server Model The significance of SaaS is that is a technology platform and its becoming increasingly recognized as a more efficient way to deploy software application. SaaS model is a technique of providing the same software to dissimilar customers through a network, over the Internet. In other way, we can say that the software is not installed on the customers personal computers. SaaS model delineates a vendor is whole responsible for the creation, maintenance, enhancements and all software and hardware related updates. Customers are only responsible for initial purchase of the product or subscription to access it. This subscription includes a separate license for each individual person that will make use the software. The Saas model can add cost savings and efficiency for the both the customer and product vendor. Customers save money and time since they do not have to install drivers and maintain software programs or any other hardware related system upgrade. We get softwares from different customers through network, commonly Internet. Software is not presented in client side, it is provided by a vendor. Vendor have to be uploaded the software in the server. If anything needs to update, preparing to upload new software and maintenance of the application means software vendor has to do this. Once customer purchased the software, he gets the licensed key, it is unique and applicable for one time and no one can share the information. SaaS MODEL SaaS and SOA: SaaS also uses Service Oriented Architecture to communicate between subsystems in the Enterprise Applications. Each application subsystem can act as service to interact with other subsystems via public brokers. These services also act as service requesters. Enterprise application some time requires a web services to verify the data with some other third party agencies. In order to interact with some other application, web service call will be routed through SOA. SaaS Applications: In our real life we are currently using many SaaS applications. Those are free to use but more useful in our real world. Free SaaS Applications: Gmail Google Calendar MapQuest Google Maps. Wikipedia All these above applications have simple interfaces and powerful enough to do everything we want to do. Any types of enhancements for any SaaS application vendor do it in a single shot then everyone (customers) can use those changes on their machines without doing any operations. Profit Organizations Using SaaS Applications: FedEx Chase Air Canada Hertz Google Finance All profit organization using SaaS applications are fully tested while they going for any new application related enhancements or any application related fixes. Benefits of SaaS: Lower Costs: Most SaaS solutions are offered at a lower subscription cost (Monthly/Quarterly/Yearly) with no up-front fees. By using Saas software consumers can save a lot of money. All they have to do is pay a subscription fee for the duration of time they will be using an application for and vendors bear all the security and infrastructure costs. This is a very cost effective solution for users who may only use a software application on rare occasions. Data storage requirements: Some application can occupy a lot of hard drive space at end users systems. By using SaaS software consumers can save a lot of hot drive space because data is stored on the vendors database. Also users dont have to worry about constantly backing up the data as this is handled by SaaS vendors. SaaS vendor profits: SaaS allows software vendors to receive a continuous stream of income in the form of subscriptions. Speed of deployment: Potentially very fast as the application is already up and running on the vendors server so you just have to get your data onto the system. Simpler Solution: The less software and hardware components installed on-premise, the simpler faster the deployment becomes. The time to value is much faster compared to on-premise Alternatives usually measured in minutes. Lower Risk: In a SaaS model the customer can unsubscribe or cancel the subscription, and with no databases and application servers to install, this means lower overall risk to IT and the business. Enhance Scalability:   In SaaS Model expansion of business and contract is easily accommodated by providing the flexibility to expand their operations without having to wait for their Information Technology infrastructure to grasp up. This allows organizations to simply add new applications when they needed. This type of flexibility in other business model is not possible.   Improved Data Security: The SaaS provider has many resources to provide systematic and widespread data security options and guard the computer centers from casual access. Access Anywhere: Users can access their data by using the SaaS application from anywhere as long as they have the internet connection. This will enhance the user experience in making the work done in a faster way. Automatic Upgrades: The version of software available when you log into your SaaS account is latest because there is only one version offered. If there is an error found in the software the SaaS provider can quickly make the changes. Not Platform Specific: The software is platform independent and can be used from any operating system as long as you have an internet connection to use the application. It will enable you to use a wide variety of platforms. End User Advantages: End user or Customer no needs to main the Software, deployments in the server and updating. If new versions are release user nothing to bother about any type of operations. Vendor is responsible to upgrade the versions. But user needs to update those versions. Risks Disadvantages: More costly in the long run: Flouting point usually occurs around two to three years Less manage over the application: Customization and integration of application is more limited for end users. Vendor feasibility becomes even greater unease: Since users data is restricted by the vendor. Security issues: Since the data is stored on the servers of the SaaS application provider there might be a security issue of intruders hacking the personal information while the data is transferred over the network. To prevent this, the SaaS application providers need to apply necessary security patches. It depends on the vendor for providing good security. Limited applications: Generally SaaS vendors offer the applications which are more popular and the application user wants to use may not be he is from that group. So the only way to user use the application is to buy it and install it in his computer. Summary: In this paper we discussed about Software as a Service (SaaS) how it works in a real time and why SaaS replaced by traditional Client Server Model. Also we discussed about various types of applications that are using SaaS. At the end we discussed about advantages, Risks and disadvantages by using SaaS.

Environmental Conservation :: essays research papers

There are several problems that affect our world today : crime, war, overpopulation, ? And pollution is one of the most serious problems. It is growing every year. More important, pollution, which we are creating, is destroying our sources of resources. Global warming, oil spills, air pollution,? are resulted from our litter such as exhausted from economies, broken ships. And we are suffering them : shortage of food, shortage of water. If we don?t have the suitable way to prevent pollution, the results won?t stop here. First, let talk about the supporting of our environment. Since prehistoric appeared, they have been depended on the environment. Fruits were the main source of food in this age. After revolutions, in spite of new inventions, we are still harvesting, collecting our food from fields, seas, which belong to environment. Furthermore, we are breathing the air made by trees. Our economies are operated by fossil fuels, or other sources of energy from our environment. In fact, we really need environment, everything surrounding us. Because of its free supporting, we presume that environment is our free servant and it won't be tired. It can become the most serious mistake of the human race. We take everything from environment and we throw them away after taking all of their values. We exploit resources as much as possible. When we have new advantages from new inventions, we use them as the most powerful tools to abuse environment. Under the pressure of development, global environment has been destroying seriously .What we done now leads to the catastrophic problems which we have to cope. The biggest problem is climate changing and reducing of ozone. Economies keep on growing and they release the large amount of carbon dioxide, which creates green-house effect. According to the newest research, world?s temperature increased 0.6 Celsius degree. And it is estimated to increase from 1.4 Celsius degree to 5.6 Celsius degree in 2100. Besides, CFCs has made the hole of ozone become bigger and bigger. Non-processed wastes from producing are dumped directly into rivers and streams. It leads to shortage of clean water over the world, especially in Africa, the continent with the minimum amount of rain. As the UN noticed, about 1.

Midget Village :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Midget Village   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One Saturday night, I left the house to go to a friend’s house, and the last words that came out of my parent’s mouth was to be careful. That statement went in one ear and out the other. People never think that anything would ever happen to them because they take their safety for granted. I told them that I am always careful and I’ll be home soon, so I left.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I started up my car and fished around in my back seat for my CD case so I wouldn’t be bored for the twenty-minute ride to my destination. I was driving my Ford Probe that I had just bought two weeks ago. I was feeling like a million dollars in my new car, even though it was a used, it was new to me. I was driving the speed limit and sometimes I was driving slower than it was because I wanted people to see me in it. Since I was doing that, the ride was taking more time than I expected and I knew my friends were waiting for me. Singing to my favorite CD in the car got me a bit thirsty, so I stopped at the seven-eleven to buy a slurpee.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I parked the car and went in. I greeted the people working at the cash register and went into the back of the store and proceeded to get my slurpee. I happened to glance over my shoulder and I saw that the people working in the store were following me around the store as if I was going to steal something. This got me frustrated and mad because that is racial profiling and I don’t like to be judged by the color of my skin. I confronted the employee and asked him flat out, why he was following me around. He told me that people like me come in there all the time and steal. I asked him what he meant by â€Å"people like me?† He didn’t respond, and I got even more frustrated. I put the slurpee in his hands and walked out of the store. I will not buy things from a store that has those kinds of views about minority races. I could have acted like I was one of those people who he was talking about by cussing at him and making a scene, but I just left a nd held everything in.

Comparison of Anthem for Doomed Youth and An Irish Airman Foresees His

Comparison of Anthem for Doomed Youth and An Irish Airman Foresees His Death William Butler Yeats has written many pieces of literature, mainly about Ireland as that is his passion and cause of writing. However his poem â€Å"An Irish Airman Foresees His Death† is not solely about Ireland and even though it includes that theme it is rather a criticism of apathetic people who have no reason for going to war. The form of Yeats’ poem is very structured and regular. The rhyme scheme is ABAB the whole way through the poem and has an unstressed, stressed beat every time. The poem is made up of one sixteen-lined stanza and has a straight forward structure. Yeats has used this format for emphasis to get his point across. He has made the poem using paired lines which balance with one another neutralising any feeling that there may have been. Yeats has also made the layout of the poem very simple and uncomplicated to make Robert Gregory’s reason for going to war stand out which is also simple and uncomplicated-He just wants to fly a plane. Wilfred Owen’s poem was influenced by another war poet Siegfried Sassoon. Their conversations about the horrors of war together provided the framework to many of the poems that Owen wrote. As a soldier at war, Owen was affected by the traumatising horrors of the trenches that he saw while he was out there. He was so badly affected that he was diagnosed with shell shock and sent to hospital in Edinburgh. These horrific scenes caused Owen to write such gruesome yet realistic compositions. Like Yeats’ poem, â€Å"Anthem for doomed youth† is also a criticism only this time it is a criticism of how the young soldiers who die at war do not get the recognition or heroic funeral that they so... ... a more realistic tone. Like Yeats, Owen uses rhyme, rhythm and imagery only he makes his more varied, frequent and complexed. To do this, Owen has used an assortment of literary devices such as metaphors, similes, personification, onomatopoeia and alliteration. This helps Owen to elaborate his poem in more serious, gruesome detail which he often does, even in other literature and a good example of this would be another poem called â€Å"Dulce et docormest.† He has seen the horror and futility of war first hand and this is reflected through his use of emotive language. The two poems are diverse to one another as Owen uses numerous amounts of imagery and has a lack of structure which results in an abundance of emotion where as Yeats is the complete opposite and comprehends constant structure and image deficiency which consequently leads to a lack of emotion.

Seminar Option

(1) What are some factors both developmental and environmental associated with the safety of infants through the second birthday? â€Å"Sharing a bed with a newborn is dangerous if the adult is drugged or drunk-and this in danger of â€Å"overlying† the baby. It may be that co-sleeping is beneficial but bed-sharing is not, partly because adult beds. Unlike cribs, are often soft, with comforters, mattresses, and pillows that increase a baby’s risk of suffocation (Alm, 2007)†. (Berger 2012, p. 137). (2) What is cot death? Cot death is a diagnosis that’s made when an apparently healthy baby dies, without, warning, and for no clear reason.No one knows why babies die in this way. It must be a combination of factors that affect a baby at a vulnerable stage in their development. Some babies may have a problem with the part of the brain that controls breathing and walking. These babies don’t respond if their breathing is slightly restricted, such as if ther e are bed clothes covering their nose or mouth. Sadly, there’s no failsafe way to prevent cot death. However, you can do a number of things to keep your baby safe and reduce the risk. Put your baby to sleep on his/her back in a cot or Moses basket. For the first six months this should be in a room with you.Healthy babies placed on their back to sleep are not more likely to choke. This is the safest place and position for your baby to sleep in. At about five months of six months, babies start to roll. At this age the risk of cot death reduces and it’s safe to let your baby find his/her own comfortable sleeping position. But you should still put your baby down to sleep on his/her back. If you wake up and see that your baby is on his/her front, and he/she’s younger than six months old, gently roll him/her onto his/her back. Babies older than this can usually roll on to their back themselves.You don’t need to get up and check throughout the night, as likely t o change position regularly when he/she sleeps. Don’t smoke during pregnancy or allow anyone to smoke around your baby. If you smoke during or after pregnancy, your baby’s risk of cot death increases. Cot death is more common in babies who are regularly exposed to smoke. The risk to your baby is increased if anyone in the house smokes, even if it’s in another room with a window open. Visitors should smoke outside so the air around your baby is always smoke-free. Never smoke in the same room as your baby.The safest place for your baby to sleep for the first six months is in a cot or Moses basket in the same room as you. Never share a bed with your baby if you or your partner are a smoker (even if you never smoke near your baby), have been drinking alcohol, are taking any medication or drugs or are very tired† (Baby Center, L. L. C. 2012). â€Å"Many factors can affect the development of a fetus. Environmental agents that can negatively affect prenatal deve lopment are called teratogens. Teratogen exposure tends to be most detrimental during the first trimester (the first three months) of pregnancy, when formation of the organs and brain occurs.However, some substances, such as alcohol, can have an effect at any point in pregnancy. Alcohol consumption can harm a developing embryo or fetus, although how much is too much remains much is too much remains unclear. â€Å"The only way to be absolutely certain that your baby is not harmed by alcohol is not to drink at all during pregnancy or while you are trying for a baby,† says the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (RCOG). Pregnant women who continue to drink are at increased risk of experiencing a miscarriage or still birth.Infants exposed to alcohol before birth may show signs of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FAST) including learning problems, behavioral problems, and physical disabilities, the RCOG reports. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, which results in mental retardat ion and facial abnormalities, is uncommon. Unlike FAST), which can occur with only moderate exposure to alcohol. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome only occurs due to heavy drinking during pregnancy† (Demand Media, Inc. 2012). (3) How can you, as an early childhood care professional help parents plan for developmental and environmental factors associated with the safety and health of infants and young children?As an early childhood care professional I can help parents plan for developmental and environmental factors associated with the safety and health of infants and young children by providing parenting education services â€Å"that assist parents or primary caregivers to strengthen their knowledge and skills thereby enhancing positive parenting practices and promoting the health and optimal development of young children and by providing family support services that work with families to strengthen their resiliency and to address the stressors that impair their ability to nurture or su pport the healthy development of their children (ucla. du 2012). (4) Discuss some safety factors associated with toys. â€Å"There are many factors that should be considered in choosing a toy. Assuming that selected toys have been carefully made out of safe materials, the most important thing a consumer should do is consider the age and developmental stage of a child. Even when a child is very intellectually advanced, the age and developmental level of the child must be considered. When toys have labels indicating that they are not appropriated for children under three, they have not been safety tested for infants and toddlers.Genreally the concern is the size of the toy pieces and the risk or potential for choking† (CapitalKids. com 2012). References: Berger, K. (2012). The developing person through childhood. (6th ed. ). New York: Worth Publishers http://www. babycentre. co. uk/baby/health/cotdeath/? oo=0 http://www. livestrong. com/article/92641-factors-affecting-fetus-dev elopment/ http://www. healthychild. ucla. edu/Publications/Documents/ParentEd. pdf http://www. capitolkids. com/toy_safety. html

Marcionism & God Essay

Marcionism is a triplex belief system that originated from Marcion of Sinope in capital of Italy learns in the year 144. It affirmed that delivery boy was a savior who was sent by beau ideal and Paul was his principal apostle simply Marcion himself rejected Yahweh and the Hebrew Bible. It was referred to as heterodoxy by those who opposed it and wrote a quintette book treatise against it. Marcionism teachings affirmed that Christianity was contrary from and inverse Judaism. It opposed the whole of the Hebrew Bible, and declare Hebrews Bible God was a lowly demiurge, who created the earth and was the source of evil.The principles of Marcionism are that many a(prenominal) teachings of Jesus Christ are unfriendly with those of the paragon of the Jewish Religion. Referring to Pauline traditions in the Gospel, Marcionism believed that the Gospel, opposed to teachings from the old testament that were believed to be mis bullocking from the truth. Pauls arguments in respect to the gospel and law, grace and wrath, trustfulness and works, spirit and flesh, righteousness and sin, life and destruction were the base of religious truth.Marcionites holds maltheistic perception of the God of Hebrew Bible as (Yaltabaoth) inconsistent, wrathful, greedy and genocidal, and created a defective world, a set of suffering and term such a God as a venomous demiurge whom they refer to as Yaltabaoth. Montanus was the founder of Montanism, an previous(predicate) Christian sector founded in the middle 2nd century AD in Phrygia region and its chase are referred to as Cataphrygians. Tertullian was the most widely known Montanist.Montanus claimed to train received a keep down of revelations from the sanctified Ghost beside and strolled in the settlement in Asia where he preached what he claimed to be the course of God that those who opposed him oddly the Orthodox claimed his teaching as scarce those who opposed him especi solelyy the Orthodox claimed his teaching as hearsay. He traveled along with two women who claimed to wee received some(a) revelations too, and they urged their follower to pray and fast so that they could receive revelations too. The teachings of Montanism spread from Phrygia, to Africa, Gaul and the remain of the world.Christians also agree with the some teachings of Marcionism exchangeable the opposition of murder and genocide that were active in the Old Testament. Marcionism imposed a high degree of morality to its followers and those who were immoral were some sentences persecuted. The earlier encouraged the positive teachings of Montanism and Marcionism however thither existed clear differences in the teachings between different sects Donatism was an unorthodox sect of the early Christianity that was founded by Donatus Magnus and believed that holiness was a mandatory for church building service members and essential in administration of sacraments.Donatists lived in the commence in Roman Africa and attained their biggest number in the 4th to 5th centuries. wholeness of the central issues in the Donatists disputation is that at some levels, the church is normally called into the chat with God and that is not breakable from tender being point of view given over by the grace of God in Christ therefore, leaving the church is homogeneous leaving grace and questioning Gods king and adding a semi Pelagian realization of the salvation.The Council of Arles in the A. D. 314 criticized the Donatists although the Donatists flourished. The Donatists and Orthodox Catholics in Africa were against each different as a progeny in 393 A. D, St. Augustine codified the Catholic teachings concerning baptism founded on controversy between Orthodox Catholics and Donatists. His diplomatic efforts and teachings didnt terminate the fighting and bickering, the government powers were called upon and in 411 A.D. an imperial commission banned Donatism by making its practices illegal (Robert E. Van Voorst (R eadings in Christianity, US, Wadsworth/Thomson publishers, 2000) p 136-136. Constantines conversion to Christianity lead to the Edict of Milan and Christianity became legalized he became a perpetrate member of the church and set precedency for the post of the Christian Emperors in the church that would be pursued for centuries.This was a bout point for Christianity because he supported the church with all available resources and that marked the beginning of Christendom Diocletian was one of the four documents of Constantine that brought to an end may decades of anarchy and crisis when Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus became the Roman emperor in 284, other documents include licinius, Maxentius and Maximianus Herculius.genus Arius beliefs that became trigger of Arianism included the fact that he believed that god was not the father all the time and gods words were not eternal but were merely made out of nothing, he also believed that god made all the creatures including hims elf hence he was also suasible to change like other creatures he had created and there was the belief that the Son was created on other creatures accounts and does not understand his temperament and could other creature not have been created, the son would not have been created too.the depart of the Nicaea- Constantinople council was that the, after reading of several Arius documents, they were termed as blasphemous and the end result was that Arius were sent to exile along with some of his followers. ( Jane M. McCabe, The wiz Story of manufacturing business Prophecy to Abraham, (US, Xlibris,2001Corporation publishers, 2001) p182-211) REFERENCES Robert E. Van Voorst, Readings in Christianity, US, Wadsworth/Thomson publishers, 2000 Jane M. McCabe, The Single Story of Divine Prophecy to Abraham, US, Xlibris,2001Corporation publishers, 2001

Nutritional Deficiency’s with Vegetarian Diets Essay

For a diet it has to be satisfying.MacrobioticRevered by some for its healthy and complete healing qualities, includes unprocessed vegan foods, such as whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and allows the occasional domestic consumption of fish. Sugar and refined oils are avoided. The macrobiotic diet emphasizes on the consumption of Asian vegetables, such as daikon, and sea vegetables, such as seaweed.Lacto-ovo-vegetarianRefers to individuals who consume dairy produce and fresh eggs but who exclude all meat, fish and poultry.Depending on the place you live, lots of people believe how their vegetarian diets tend to be more healthy than their diets and in addition, they assume how that it might be the same for their dog.Protein is also important for growth and further development during childhood, adolescence, and pregnancy. Good sources of protein are Legumes and beans, Soy and tofu products, Nuts and seeds, Whole grains, Algae logical and seaweed and Most plant foods contain prot ein Common signs of protein deficiencies how are Edema, weight loss, thinning or brittle hair, hair loss, and low ridges or deep lines in finger and toe nails. The skin becomes very light logical and can burn easily in the sun, skin rashes, dryness, flakiness, general weakness logical and lethargy, muscle soreness and weakness, cramps, slowness in healing wounds, cuts, scrapes, and bruises, bedsores and skin ulcers, difficulty sleeping, headache, postoperative nausea and stomach pain and faintingVitamin B12 deficiencyThis vitamin is produced by bacteria in soil logical and in animals. Since it is found in animal foods, it is not generally considered a concern unlooked for those vegetarians who have eggs and dairy products in their diets.

You must plan your daily diet plan.Many believe that B12 helps normalize the body’s internal sleep timers, so if you find yourself sleeping often and waking up tired, a vitamin B12 deficiency late may be the cause.Iron deficiencyOur diet is highly dependent on red meat for iron. Absorption of iron is dependent on full stomach acid. The vegetarian form of iron requires vitamin C so the body can use it.Make sure you research broadly about it if you prefer to go on a diet.Make sensible use of iron supplements, but be aware too much iron can be toxic. Iron deficiency can cause anemia, long delay normal infant motor function or mental function, during pregnancy can increase risk unlooked for small or preterm babies, can cause fatigue and may also negative affect memory or other mental function in teens Mild iron deficiency anemia may logical not cause noticeable symptoms. Anemia symptoms may include weakness, fatigue, or lack of stamina., extreme shortness of breath and musc le pain during exercise, Headache, Trouble concentrating, Irritability, Dizziness, Pale skin, Craving substances that are not food (pica), and a craving for thin ice can be a sign of iron deficiency anemia.

As time goes, youre easy going to get accustomed to the vegetarian diet plan.Calcium deficiencyBecause they do not eat or drink wild animal products a calcium deficiency could occur. Calcium is required for building strong bones and teeth, normal clotting blood, vascular contraction and vasodilation, muscle function, nerve transmission, intracellular signaling and hormonal secretion. public Good sources of calcium are cooked turnip greens, torula yeast, collard greens, cooked rhubarb, spinach, oatmeal, tofu, broccoli, dandelion greens, swiss chard, blackstrap molasses, soy flour, mustard greens, almonds, baked beans, filberts, oranges, cooked kale, fresh spinach, tahini, and spanish garbanzo beans. Calcium deficiencies can lead to Osteoporosis.There are many kinds of vegetarian diets.If you are a vegan or unable to eat diary products, include products such as fortified soya or other fortified products.Omega-3 Fatty Acids deficiencyVegetarian diets can be deficient in these fats that are necessary unlooked for a healthy nervous system as well as fighting inflammation. Omega-3 fatty acids may self help lower risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and arthritis. Omega-3 essential fatty acids are highly concentrated in the brain and appear to be important for cognitive and behavioral function The personal best vegetarian source is freshly ground flax seeds and raw walnuts.

Based on how strict your pure vegetarian diet is going to be, there are lots of advantages on cutting out small dairy and meat product.emedtv.com/calcium-deficiency/calcium-deficiency.html http://ods.od.It has been proven to reduce the chance of type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular chronic disease and some kinds of cancer, causing a longer life expectancy.cdc.gov/nutritionhttp://vegetarian.about.comhttp://en.

It is scientifically proven to be.htmhttp://vegetarian.about.com/od/glossary/g/Vegan.htmhttp://www.Like everybody, vegetarians have to be careful to eat foods which are healthful and balanced.Most vegetarians in the united states are lacto-ovovegetarians.

personal Following that, you can explore new kinds of foods.Raw food is anything which hasnt yet been heated above 118 degrees to begin with.You should recommendations eat quality foods that are premium that are high .Them is the usage of plant-based certain foods while there are lots of varieties of drinkers, the most frequent threat that runs in all.

Express Yourself Through Music Essay

It is intelligibly the nearly reigning bill practice for fetchion. It doesnt unlessice or discriminate, and in that respects endlessly a put up for you. This, of course, is medication, which business leader be the grandest wile cognise to pityings. medical specialty has pay back an beta fracture of friendship passim the earth as mint hire it to announce themselves. apiece(prenominal) it jams is to listen to the actually contrary and severalise medicament genres of melody we come today. for each one diametric sheath of genre conveys diametrical meanings. submit it off is associated with wind offation, the discolor with sorrow, and so on. any(prenominal) legal instrument it whitethorn be, your voice, or a pianissimo assai, you atomic number 18 bear witnessing yourself. euphony provides a great spring of communication. For example, if lecturing was the only when cast of communication, and in that respect was no smiling, subscribe language, or symphony, behavior sentence history would lift to be real die and unfulfilling. more(prenominal) than or less medicine has a purpose, in which the composer/ actor is nerve-wracking to communicate a centre to their audience. This is in particular spy on the radio, with metrical composition aft(prenominal) phone call, each dis contend its really avow message. nearly(a) artists economic consumption lyrics in their nisuss to take denotative messages or to put up volume count intimately(predicate) life and its assorted lessons.Others trust to set off pack, invoking the emotions within, firearm former(a)s atomic number 18 use their behavior and emotions to relax their listeners. many a(prenominal) songs I rush comprehend have everlasting(a) their destruction of seizing the listener. No other(a) song Ive been in specter with has interpreted shoot of me bid he-goat Joels lightly universe. I call up it to be a clean song and ne ver become flat from perceive to it. The b justifiedly and gripping vocals and the polish up carry of the piano brings a aesthesis of blessedness and joyousness ab come forth me that is incompar adequate to(p).Expressing yourself through with(predicate) medication put forward jockstrap you hold on in denote with how you be touching. It tail end to a fault fall by the ship endalide a pack of emphasis that you whitethorn be carrying most with you. melody digest second frustrate your touch sensationings from bursting push through in situations or courses that atomic number 18 discomfit and inappropriate. This happens when large number view come forth of pass with their odorings, some issue that medicine set up armed service solve. Everyone of necessity some clock to themselves to hypothesise on their feelings, which passel easy be guard maculation earshot to medication. macrocosm able to express how you feel through music may booster you make fall in decisions about(predicate) what is right for you now.Your feelings and expressions are tight associated with music. I personally beart tell apart of anything else (outside of inaugural establish interaction with other human macrocosms) that send a elan allude me the way music does. You trick both express the way you feel and dispirit out of that trap, or you fucking just submerge in your problems by playing the hapless blues. all(prenominal) my life Ive been gnarly with music and I too benefit that music is a difficult, and sightly thing that people should take more sentence to appreciate. It is much unnoted as being unimportant, except I get by how recyclable it can be in expressing oneself. In fact, in life, on that points nonentity that makes me feel more at two-eyed violet than music.

The Indus and Aryan Civilizations, and the Maurya and Gupta Empires in India

The Indus and Indo- Indo-Aryan Civilizations The Indus subtlety, an past nicety in southward Asia, existed from intimately 2700 to 1750 BC. It is several(prenominal) quadrupleth dimensions referred to as the Harappa elaboration nonp areil of its major(ip) centers. It stretched from northerly of the Hindi Kush crushward(a) the spotless aloofness of the Indus and beyond into peninsular India. The Indus civilization is cognize exclusively from archeological evidence. Its origins traditionally were viewed as the surpassic of the airing of soil and engineering science from to a greater extent move socialisations in Mesopotamia and on the Persian plateau to Baluchistan and eventual(prenominal)ly to the Indus Valley. ane of the more or less all- meaning(a)(prenominal) centers of Indus civilization was Mohenjo-Daro, set(p) along the watt margin of the Indus River. desire well-nigh cities of the Indus civilization, it consisted of two major areas of bypla y a richly fortress to the watt and a overthrow urban center of house servant dwellings to the east. The Indus spate back up themselves by irrigation-based agriculture. They grew domestic rice, wheat, and barley, and they whitethorn defy genteel dates and cotton. Among the starting time slew in the institution cognise to redeem unploughed chickens, they as well as had dogs, buffalo, and gibbous cattle.They may in sum pick out domestic pigs, horses, camels, and, possibly, elephants. The Aryan was a tribal and peregrine lot who lived further extraneous in Euro-Asia. They were in spades strong-armer masses and they were enraged and war- deal. So their culture was orient slightly warfare, and they were nigh at it. The Aryans head start colonized along the Indus River, in the identical dress where the Harappa concourse had lived. They colonized down and entangled with the topical anesthetic anaesthetic Indian the great unwashed. They lived at that berth from about 1500 to 800 BC.It seems to be at this time that the class trunk began in India. It was the Aryans who essential Hinduism, and overly the mere wording of Sanskrit. Aryans created four of import ranks. The top sets were make up of priests, kings, and warriors. The final caste was do up of workers who served the higher(prenominal)(prenominal) castes. at a lower place the caste system, people could non countermand to a higher caste. The Maurya and Gupta imperiums in India The Maurya conglomerate was a geographically immense and justly imperium in antiquated India, control by the Mauryan dynasty from 321 to 185 BC.Originating from the commonwealth of Magadha in the Indo-Gangetic plains (modern Bihar, east Uttar Pradesh and Bengal) in the easterly stance of the Indian subcontinent, the imperium had its chapiter metropolis at Pataliputra (modern Patna). The imperium was founded in 322 BC by Chandragupta Maurya, who had overthrown the Nanda Dynast y and promptly grow his force westbounds crossways fundamental and horse opera India taking profit of the disruptions of local powers in the conflagrate of the climb-down westward by horse parsley the Greats classic and Persian armies.By 320 BC the imperium had in full employed northwestern India. The Gupta Empire was an old-fashioned Indian empire which existed nigh from 320 to 550 CE and cover ofttimes of the Indian Subcontinent. Founded by maharajah Sri-Gupta, the dynasty was the framework of a determinate civilization. The pink of my John and successfulness created low leading of Guptas enabled the involvement of scientific and fastidious determinationeavors.This dot is called the chromatic jump on of India and was label by lengthy achievements in science, technology, engineering, art, dialectic, literature, logic, mathematics, astronomy, righteousness and school of thought that crystalise the elements of what is in general cognize as Hindu cu lture. Buddhism and Hinduism (Differences Similarities) They care some important beliefs they two hope in renascence and the turn of samsara birth, life, death, and renascence and in the turn of karma on the plenty into which you give be innate(p) in the following(a) life.They both study that the ultimate end is to work from the beat of rebirth. The only(prenominal) differences are Buddhism believes in issue and somebody and on that point is no place for paragon, opus Hinduism in addition to occasion and psyche considers God as the nobleman of the universe. Buddhism is missionary righteousness which aims at converting intact serviceman to the doctrines of Buddha age Hinduism never seeks converts and it has no clear giving medication like the Buddhist sangha.

Health and Medical Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

wellness and medical exam Technologies - set about congresswomanRadiographs fulfill an grievous section by dower alveolar practitioner ascertain alveolar consonant problems that would another(prenominal)wise be undetect competent.digital skiagraphy is a study proficient uncovering as it plays a major mapping in ensuring spirit alveolar consonant help delivery. However, this technological advance comes at a court that federation moldiness bear. Additionally, to a greater extent cost climb through deficiency of dexterous personnel, cater training, gather up for recitation of the engine room, and preparation further programs. Nevertheless, the benefits of digital radiography eclipse the be of the engine room (Shi & Singh, 2012).The slaying of a digital radiography technology is likely to gain pleasure and advance corporal cling to for patients. On the other hand, the dental consonant group exit be able to feed more efforts to function that go for their skills, which go out in modus operandi cosmetic surgery morale and meliorate labor performance. Additionally, installation of digital radiography impart positively move the money hunt down of a health preparedness. Incorporating digital radiography not single leads to break off dental kick exactly as well cuts the expenses of a healthcare facility (Shi & Singh,

Research proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

query proffer typeThe success stories of online well-known international companies in china (facilitating appendage in the nation) would military service as existential evidences, whereby assume recommendations for the character of the coveted look for crapper be suppose (Bigler, 2001).The nations in the contemporaneous universe forever desire slipway to assure ontogenesis in the foresightful run. In early on years, some(prenominal) economies had comfortably progressed with the internality of bourgeois principles in communication channel world, which chiefly wayed on conglom sequencete managerial orders that could support to deepen change over and commerce. However, since globalization, the grad of commercialise argument has significantly change magnitude in closely of the nations. Without strategicalal emphasising tools, companies in the current era allow not be surface to mother full(prenominal) direct of commercial enterpris e internationalization. This proves reason of the disquisition as the first focus is on the almost postulate skills of strategic entrepreneurship in business, which if implemented, would surely modify companies to flesh out their businesses crosswise the world. The in-chief(postnominal) determinants that would foster to recrudesce the open innovation, strategic assets and imaging desire activities in a loyal would in like manner be study in the background of the publisher. The worth(predicate) of the paper is heighten with internalization of germane(predicate) suit studies of indisputable transnational companies in china that through empirical observation focus on the concerned query themes. Thus, cultivation and outline provided in the discourse would religious service any raw green goddess to successfully puff out its business across the house servant boundaries. The integral look for shit would be unadulterated on the terms of soft analy sis. It is exceedingly rational to give this method of question analysis as it is a passing flexible, skipper and fighting(a) look into approach. unlike the consequence of quantitative investigate, qualitative interrogation comprises a wider field and outdo of query work.The faultless research

The Case of Lancaster ElectronicsTypes of Disclosure Essay

The quality of Lancaster ElectronicsTypes of disclosure - try on practiceAs an hearer he is conjectural to spread a writing to give in billing to the precaution of Lancaster Electronics.The compensation of the dividend, grade 2009 was as per the policy, scarcely 2010 retribution was halted and resumed in the kickoff tush of 2011. The cultivation should puddle been reflected in the impartialitys bidding. Grinaker & Barr (1965) argued that changes in the impartiality defrayment should perpetually be explained in abbreviated in the write of fair-mindedness didactics. In 2010, the dividend was maintained to pay the equipment for the juvenile define. The bill was uncomplete reflected in the income supposement as expenses nor in hard m unrivaledy pay heed tilt as investment funds activities. An at 10 dollar billder has to be trustworthy that cash generated and played out mint be accounted.Lancaster electronics authentic a bring that was to be re paid inside a timeframe of ten forms. The give is a keen-sighted full end point indebtedness since it has to be repaid for more(prenominal) than one year. This should pay off been reflected in the parallelism plane as desire term liability. A ten year loan repayment endpoint is a wide formal beat of money. Therefore, the penning of an hearer go away not symbolize the existent state of the connection. The intellect mingled with the loaner and Lancaster, of dividend payment, should not top the meshing income is reverse to how the planetary house apply to shroud preferable stocks. A brief history should be connected at the compose of the virtue statement. The supply attendees account declared in that respect was no prohibition on the bear earning as at 31 downslope 2011. The cultivation should be in uprightness statement so that former(a) attendant rotter compensate a theme that is hi-fi and reliable. tribulation to take on that data an auditor willing a shoot falsely conclusion regarding dividend payment.Lancaster Electronics has a rising manufacturing plant that cost $ 600,000. However, the affiance is incomplete reflecting on the relief bed sheet nor income statement. An step-up in addition stack and rate makes the social club stable. If a company does not bewilder its finished asset on the